Urine production and elimination are one of the most. Kidneys semetrically paired organs that form the urine. Lesson 1, anatomy and physiology of the genitourinary system. The functional unit of the kidney is the nephron, with approximately 1 million nephrons in each kidney. The urinary system is a group of organs in the body concerned with filtering out excess fluid and other substances from the bloodstream.
Anatomy of the urinary system kidneys a pair of bean shaped organs located retroperitoneally, responsible for blood filtering and urine formation. The urinary system, also known as the renal system or urinary tract, consists of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and the urethra. Muscular system 2404 copy austin community college. Urinary system maintains homeostatic conditions within body fluids urinary system. Oogenesisovarian cycle 3 uterine tubes or fallopian tubes a 4 long funnel with fimbriae fingerlike projections catch oocyte b lined with ciliated epithelial cells c smooth muscle peristalsis 4 uterus a sizeshape pear b myometrium musclerhythmic contractions. Formation and elimination of urine is important for human body because urine contains nitrogenous wastes of the body that must be eliminated to. They are only 4412 inches long weighing about 5grams.
Study notesthe urinary system kidney genitourinary system. The kidneys alone perform the functions just described. The urinary tract is the bodys drainage system for the eventual removal. Home medical reference and training manuals lesson 1. Urinary bladder muscular sac that stores urine until micturation can occur. This chapter uses simple and fun videos that are about. Specifically, the urinary system cleans the blood of metabolic wastes, which are substances produced by the body that it cannot.
The urinary system consists of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra. From digestive system undigested food, water, salt, ions drugs. Ureters muscular tubes which convey urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder. Another vital function is the regulation of the volume, acidity. The urinary system is composed of the paired and the kidneysurinary tract. The subcourse instructional material consists of four lessons as follows. Ultrasonic waves are passed through the body until they strike the dense stones. The peritubular capillaries and vasa recta then lead to venules and the venous drainage of the kidney. A comprehensive study guide filled with key terms, practice questions, and overall concepts to help you master the human urinary system.
The kidney consists of over a million individual filtering units called nephrons. It is the system of production, storage and elimination of urine. Kidneys pair of glandular organs, which remove, waste products from the blood to form urine. Waste products accumulate in blood are toxic must be removed to maintain homeostasis urinary system organs remove waste products from the blood then from the body major homeostatic. The urinary system study guide chapter of this human biology study guide course is the simplest way to master material on the urinary system. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy eswl is a procedure used to shatter simple stones in the kidney or upper urinary tract.
Urinary system student notes outline aurum science. The renal corpuscle is an assemblage of two structures, the glomerular capillaries and the glomerular capsule, shown in figure 1. But in this case the efferent arteriole flows into more capillaries, the. Each nephron is served with blood by the afferent arteriole. Functions of the urinary system excretion removal of waste material from the blood plasma and the disposal of this waste in the urine. Note that you are looking at an inferior view of this transverse section of the trunk.
Renal capsule a layer of fibrous connective tissue covering the kidneys. Lesson 2, physical assessment of the genitourinary system. The urinary system removes them by filtering and cleansing the blood as it passes through the kidneys. Low filtration flow macula densa cells sense slow flow or low sodium or chloride levels low osmolarity induce vasodilation. The parts of a system can be referred to as its elements or. Urinary system maintains fluid homeostasis including. This outline gives students a means to take notes that guides them toward important concepts and avoids the pitfalls of writing wordforword or simply not taking notes at all. The substances are filtered out from the body in the form of urine. There are two kidneys the right one sits lower than the left due to the liver. Urinary system, kidney structure, location of kidneys, kidney functions. The kidneys alone perform the functions just described and manufacture urine in the process, while the other organs of the urinary system provide temporary storage reservoirs for urine or serve as transportation channels to carry it from one body region. The urinary system consists of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra, which filter blood and subsequently produce, transport, store, and intermittently excrete urine liquid waste by eliminating fluid and waste, the urinary system regulates important physiological parameters, such are blood volume and consequently the blood pressure, the ph. Blood flow leaving the nephrons returns by veins of the corresponding names.
Urine is formed in the nephron through a process consisting of glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, and tubular secretion. Histology biol 4000 excretory system lecture notes 14. The purpose of the urinary system is to eliminate waste from the body, regulate blood volume and blood pressure, control levels of electrolytes and metabolites, and regulate blood ph. Kidney failure kidneys no longer filter substances from the blood. Taking efficient notes can be a big challenge for many students, especially when working from a powerpoint lecture. An expanded, frontal view of the kidney is shown in figure 92. Components of this system in vertebrates include the kidneys, liver, lungs, and skin. Urinary system introduction a the urinary system consists of two kidneys that filter the blood two ureters a urinary bladder and a urethra to convey waste substances to the outside kidneys a the kidney is a reddish brown bean shaped organ 12 centimeters long it is enclosed in a tough fibrous capsule b kidney structure 1 a medial. Urinary system is also known as excretory system of human body. Urinary system physiology and anatomy lecture notes docsity. Notes and presentation covering the urinary system. Pdf renal urinary system nephron functions researchgate. The kidneys form the urine and account for the other functions attributed to the urinary system. Urine is a liquid produced by the kidneys, collected in the bladder and excreted through the urethra.
Pdf on jan 1, 2009, kevin d evans and others published the urinary system. Join our community just now to flow with the file urinary system and make our shared file collection even more complete and exciting. Urinary system a major system responsible for eliminating waste from the body. Urinary system objectives identify and describe the components of the urinary system and their function describe the histological organization of the nephron identify the blood vessels that supply blood to the nephrons describe the blood flow through and around the nephron trace a drop of filtrate as it becomes urine developed by. View notes urinary system study guide from ansci 214 at iowa state university. Revision questions for the anatomy and physiology of the urinary system the best way to revise for your anatomy and physiology course and exams is to answer questions and then check your answers. Genitourinary system definition of genitourinary system. Gavilan bio 7 urinary system lecture notes gradebuddy. This cavity is filled with blood vessels, nerves, and the tributaries of the collecting system that eventually form the ureters. Urinary system human anatomy and physiology stuvia. The ureters carry the urine away from kidneys to the urinary bladder, which is a temporary reservoir for the urine.
Label the figure by placing the numbers of the structures in the spaces by the correct labels. The urinary system forms urine to remove waste from the bloodstream for excretion. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Kidneys introduction are located in the upper abdominal. Bladder site where urine is collected and stored until urination d. The organs of the urinary system are organs of excretionthey remove wastes and water from the body. Each kidney has a prominent medial indentation called the hilus which serves as the entry point of blood vessels, nerves and ureter at the hilus an inner layer of the renal capsule extends into an internal cavity of the kidney called the renal sinus. Excretory systems regulate the chemical composition of body fluids by removing metabolic wastes and retaining the proper amounts of water, salts, and nutrients. The urinary system consists of two kidneys, two ureters, a urinary bladder, and a urethra. The organ system that performs this function in humansthe urinary system is the topic of this chapter. The urinary system consists of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra, which filter blood and subsequently produce, transport, store, and intermittently excrete urine liquid waste by eliminating fluid and waste, the urinary system regulates important physiological parameters, such are blood volume and consequently the blood pressure, the ph of the blood by eliminating acids and. Study guide state college of florida, manateesarasota.
The urinary system consists of two kidney s, two ureters, a urinary b ladder, and a urethra fig. Genitourinary system an overview sciencedirect topics. Learn everything about the excretory system now at kenhub. The kidneys filter the blood to remove metabolic wastes and then modify the resulting fluid, which allows these organs to maintain fluid, electrolyte, acidbase, and blood pressure homeostasis. The urinary system consists of two kidneys, two ureters, a urinary bladder. The anatomy of the genitourinary system is shown in figure 91. Anatomy and physiology of the genitourinary system the genitourinary system i igure 11. Each nephron consists of a filtering body, the renal corpuscle, and a urine. Ureters carry urine to bladder, one from each kidney. The urinary system works with the other systems of the body to help maintain homeostasis. Elimination removal of waste from other organ systems. Kidney parenchyma organized into cortex f and medulla e within parenchyma occur nephrones, collecting ducts, blood vessels, lymphatics and nerves parenchyma organized into lobes and lobules. The kidneys are the main organs of homeostasis because they maintain the acid base balance and the water salt balance of the blood functions of the urinary system one of the major functions of the urinary system is the process of excretion.
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